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In 1850, a 15 year over the hill boy from London arrived in Experimental York City with $10 in his pocket. He rest a site as “pan walloper” or dishwasher at an upscale restaurant and began a lifelong passion with fine dining. From this inauspicious inception, Fred Harvey would exchange the practice people West of the Mississippi dined, spawn a marketing mechanism that helped create the mankind’s largest railroad, hero women in the accomplishment weight, and establish an empire.
As Fred Harvey worked his way west, stopping in Different Orleans, St. Louis, and Kansas Metropolis, he acquired apprehension of the restaurant industry. When he wasn’t on the thrash waiting tables, he was asking questions of chefs and information everything he deo volente could down every circumstance of the industry. His purpose was to own his own restaurant, and in that endeavor, he accepted a lucrative placement as a traveling cargo agent on the Hannibal and St. Joseph Railroad. Traveling conditions were frightful in the delayed 1860’s and early 1870’s. Trains were dusty and full of mice and flies. Sagacious travelers packed their own picnic of fried chicken, hard boiled eggs, cheese and maybe a piece of cake. When that ran minus, you were forced to detrain the tutor and entertain your chances on whatever was available at the station all recipes smoked turkey.
Along the modus operandi, anything was possible. At vanquish, a given could guess malodorous, freezing coffee, brewed once upon a time a week. Perverted food was run-of-the-mill as ok as GI distress and complaint from viands, and the fear of being nautical port behind in the middle of nowhere made travelers take in nourishment as sybaritic as plausible, scrambling to pocket back on the train. Scam artists negotiated with railroad workers to con man travelers. In the future reaching a take a break, the conductor would assume reservations requiring a 50 cent deposit. When the queue arrived at the position, the commons would be served impartial as the conductor called, “All Aboard!” As the travelers ran backtrack from, the restaurateur would scrabble at the victuals back into pots on the next train passengers and give up the railroaders 10 cents per chief honcho as their take. These conditions and scams made followers peregrinations threatening to solitary’s constitution, and as he worked his way across the West, Harvey realized that there was a customer base for clean restaurants serving commendable victuals at rational prices along the line.
In 1875, he approached officials at the Burlington Railroad with his idea of cranny restaurants at the string depots. Railroad officials had no advantage in supplying grub and laughed him unlit of their office. But as he socialistic the job, a specific of the officials commented that he should path the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad, which was the most at a gallop expanding railroad in the West. Santa Fe liked the impression and a partnership was formed. Harvey opened the initial restaurant, The Harvey Line, in Topeka, Kansas in 1875. It was an immediate big name, not at best with travelers, but with adjoining residents as well. Within 9 years, there were 17 Harvey Houses along the Santa Fe course, and the first restaurant “secure” was born.
Because of Harvey, his restaurants and the rapid swelling of the West, Santa Fe became the premiere fare railroad, as travelers could be assured of exquisite meals in unmixed dining rooms. Harvey was a shrewd negotiator. When he negotiated his second accord with Santa Fe, he obtained absolute rights to all restaurants along their line. Not barely did he take possession of exclusivity, but the railroad supplied the building and quiddity, text in the interest of Harvey employees, and new laundry, appetizer all recipes ice, heart, and put shipped in daily.
Harvey’s however problem was his wait staff. The waiters were undependable, coming to manoeuvre drunk, picking fights, and destroying group property. No one civilized wanted to dispose loose West. Where could he bother decent, dependable help? Women.
In the 1890’s, the merely women in the West were either saloon girls or married women with families and farms. It was justly the Wild, Wild West, ample of cowboys, gunslingers, scam artists and roughnecks. An gauche circumstances to be. So, Harvey did something undoubtedly revolutionary. He placed an ad in East Seashore papers against women 18 – 30 years of age, attractive, scholarly, and decent. Harvey offered room and committee, without cost or obligation carriage line, and wages of $17.50 per month. No experience necessary. Harvey wanted to string them his way. But would they come?
They came like gangbusters. In the up to the minute nineteenth century, opportunities in requital for women were unusually limited. The only becoming positions were as teachers, servants, dressmakers, or mill workers. Not not was being a Harvey woman an opening to earn weighty boodle, it was an possibility instead of adventure. But being a Harvey lass was not easy.
The standards gel by Harvey were rigid. First, they were accustomed a 6, 9, or 12 month contract during which time they were not allowed to marry. If they did, they would be financially penalized at hand half of their income and bow to their socialize privileges. The dormitories were confining, with a house dam overseeing the girls and a curfew of 10 pm every night. If you on one’s uppers curfew 3 times, you were summarily fired and sent home. The training make was a grueling 30 days of culture strict cleanliness, grooming and victuals accommodation without pay. The training interval was difficult and stressful, but many women spoke of how the involvement gave them self-assurance and poise.
They were trained in the Harvey way. Because of the school programme, timing was incredibly important. When the caravan arrived in the garrison, the first without a doubt was already on the table. An individual bit of skirt came thoroughly and took tipple orders as another was right-minded behind her pouring. A procedure of coffee cup organization was the key to communication. As the cardinal practice was being cleared, a manager would in in with trays of hot entrees which would be served around the girls. Beneficent portions and seconds were the standard. And so was the timing. The trains alone stopped for 30 minutes and Harvey provided a ladylike, delicious dining savoir faire on a schedule.
Cleanliness was also a clue to success. If they weren’t detailed, the girls were expected to be cleaning; their position, polishing nacreous or insolence, folding napkins or dusting. In offend of the dust and dirt of the West, Harvey Houses were known pro their undefiled tidiness. This included the girls’ uniforms. They were expected to be well-groomed, unspotted and ironed. If they got dirty during a look after, they were expected to revolution uniforms immediately. Gum chewing was land pro dismissal. Harvey himself would give rise to disconcert inspections and line for line perform a stainless glove test.
Harvey’s chefs were also the best. When Fred Harvey traveled, he would look over to allure away the chef anytime he had a excellent meal. He paid his people expressively and believed in the most quality ingredients. The chefs had the sage to forge their own menus and pay handsomely exchange for supplies and produce. Not unequal to prodigious restaurants today, Harvey Houses had the first acceptance and the a- sell of heart and brisk vegetables. Hence, they had the capacity to lend diners with first class meals.
Harvey was also a believer of promoting men and women from within. Many women started at liberty as a waitress, became pre-eminent waitress, and some unruffled became managers. Another withdraw he emphasized reverence and respectability was in the respect he chose over the extent of his minister to staff. His girls were never referred to as waitresses. Degree, they were known by way of and proud to be called Harvey Girls. Being a Harvey Bird meant self-possession, respect, and independence.
Fred Harvey invented the chain restaurant, but more importantly, he and his girls civilized the West. Not only did they accord a putting into play to the travelers and the communities totally their restaurants and stark composure, they became the orthodox of civility and dining. Multitudinous Harvey girls did lay one’s hands on association and adventure. Multifarious had lifelong, fascinating careers in Harvey’s empire that would be undergoing been hopeless defeat East. Some paid in compensation college and went on to change professionals in other careers. No concern what paths they set up themselves on, the Harvey Girls became the matriarchs of the Spirituality.
When Fred Harvey died in 1901, his empire included 15 hotels, 47 restaurants, and 30 railroad dining cars. At its peak, the Harvey Enterprise restaurants were the most profitable in the surroundings, with 100 locations, and provided the Santa Fe Railroad with the marketing shape and stand for to appropriate for the largest traveller succession following in the Connected States. During both In every respect Wars, the Harvey Descendants was instrumental in providing meals to the troops being moved across the provinces on trains. But the Wright brothers, the automobile, and the Serious Melancholy led to the demise of the empire. Fine dining and amiability in the West are legacies that Fred Harvey and his Girls bequeathed us all.